Japan Domestic Trunk (Tokyo–Osaka/Sapporo/Fukuoka)

Tokyo (HND/NRT) → Osaka / Sapporo / Fukuoka

Japan's domestic trunk network is dominated by the Tokyo–Osaka, Tokyo–Sapporo, and Tokyo–Fukuoka routes, all among the world's highest-frequency city pairs. ANA and JAL compete head-to-head with Shinkansen on the Osaka sector, while the Sapporo route is largely air-dependent due to the longer surface journey.